Enter your age, sex, height, weight, activity level and goal, and choose a plan. Your daily calorie target and the grams of protein, fat and carbs are shown in a pie chart and in a table that compares the 4 plans.
Table of Contents
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What you can do on this page
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What is this calculation used for?
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How to Use
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Formulas and figures
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Symbols and terms
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Good to know before you start
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How to calculate it in Excel
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How to calculate it in Google Sheets
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How to calculate it in Python
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How to write it in LaTeX and other math languages (copy and paste)
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How to have ChatGPT do the calculation
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DataChef Features
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Related Features
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NumberChef Calculators List
What you can do on this page
- Enter your age, sex, height, weight, activity level and goal (lose, maintain or gain), and you see your daily calorie target and your daily grams of each macronutrient (protein, fat and carbs) on the spot
- Choose from 4 plans: balanced, low fat, low carb and high protein. A table compares the grams for all 4 plans at the same time. The balanced plan (protein 15%, fat 25%, carbs 60%) is a typical split inside the AMDR ranges of the US Dietary Reference Intakes
- A pie chart shows the split of your chosen plan, so you can see your macros at a glance
- It also calculates the limits for saturated fat and added sugars (such as table sugar). Both are "less than 10% of calories" in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans
- A plain-language explanation of the formulas and copy-and-paste formulas for Excel, Google Sheets and Python are all on this page
What is this calculation used for?
When you train to change your body, what matters is not only your calories but also where they come from. Setting grams of protein, fat and carbs and building meals around them is a standard method, often called "counting macros". For example, with a calorie target of 2,000 kcal and the high protein plan (protein 35%), your daily protein goal is \(2000 \times 0.35 \div 4 = 175\) g.
Personal trainers use the same kind of calculation, "calories → ratio → grams". When your training goal changes, you just choose a new plan (ratio). That is easy once you understand how the formula works.
When you eat less to lose weight, cutting protein too is thought to make you lose muscle along with fat. Less muscle means a lower BMR, which can make it harder to lose weight and easier to regain it.
If you know the idea of "cutting calories while keeping the protein share (or switching to the high protein plan)", you can avoid diets that only cut calories. This calculator also lets you check whether a fast goal, such as about 2 lb a week, puts your calorie target below your BMR.
In long endurance exercise, the main fuel is sugar stored in the muscles and liver (glycogen). So in sports nutrition, carbs are often planned higher, in share and in grams, during periods of heavy training.
The steps "estimate the energy from body weight and training, then turn it into grams with a ratio" are the same as on this page. Detailed planning for competition is a job for experts such as sports dietitians, but knowing your usual split in numbers is a good starting point for that talk.
Packaged foods have Nutrition Facts labels, such as "Protein 20g, Total Fat 18g, Total Carbohydrate 75g", but without knowing your own daily goal you cannot tell whether that is a lot. If you know your goal is, for example, "protein 85 g, fat 63 g, carbs 340 g", you can estimate what share of your day the food is.
Fat has about 9 kcal per gram, more than twice as much as protein or carbs, so getting a feel for the grams can help you notice that "more of my calories came from fat than I thought".
Too much added sugar from sweet drinks and snacks, and too much saturated fat from fatty meat and butter, are linked to obesity and to heart and blood vessel disease. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans advise keeping each below 10% of calories. For someone eating 2,000 kcal a day, that is about 50 g of added sugars, and a single 12-ounce can of regular soda has about 39 g of sugar, which uses up most of it.
These limits are guides for the population as a whole, not a diagnosis of your own health. If you are worried about your checkup results, bring your numbers to a doctor or registered dietitian.
Formulas and figures
Symbols and terms
Symbols
| \(E\) | Your daily calorie target (kcal/day), your maintenance calories (TDEE) plus the goal adjustment. It is split between the 3 macronutrients. From the first letter of "energy". |
| \(B\) | Basal metabolic rate (BMR), an estimate of the calories you burn in a day even at complete rest (kcal/day). From the first letter of "basal". |
| \(k\) | The activity factor, a multiplier for how many times your BMR you burn in a day. This page uses 1 (no activity) and six levels from 1.2 to 1.9. |
| \(a\) | The goal adjustment (kcal/day). It is 0 to maintain, negative to lose weight (−250, −500 or −1,000) and positive to gain (+250, +500 or +1,000). From the first letter of "adjustment". |
| \(r\) | The split ratio, the share of your daily calorie target that comes from a nutrient (for example, 0.15 for protein in the balanced plan). From the first letter of "ratio". |
| \(u\) | The upper limit share, the largest share of your daily calorie target allowed for an item (0.10 = 10% for added sugars and 0.10 = 10% for saturated fat). From "upper limit". |
| \(c\) | Calories per gram (kcal/g), how many kcal 1 g of the nutrient has. This calculator uses the Atwater factors (protein 4, carbs 4, fat 9), the same as US Nutrition Facts labels. |
| \(G\) | The daily grams of the nutrient you want to find (g/day). From the first letter of "gram". |
| \(S\) | The limit in grams for added sugars or saturated fat (g/day), a line you should not go over. From "sugar" and "saturated fat". |
| \(W\) | Body weight in kg, used in the BMR formula (in pounds for the pounds-and-inches version). From the first letter of "weight". |
| \(H\) | Height in cm, used in the BMR formula (in inches for the pounds-and-inches version). From the first letter of "height". |
| \(A\) | Age in years, used in the BMR formula. From the first letter of "age". |
| \(F\) | Body fat percentage written as a decimal (for example, 20% → 0.20). Used in the Katch-McArdle formula. From the first letter of "fat". |
Terms
| macros (macronutrient split) | How your daily calories are split between protein, fat and carbohydrate, in percent or in grams. "Counting macros" or "IIFYM" means planning your meals by these grams. In Japan the same idea is called the "PFC balance". |
| macronutrients | Protein, fat and carbohydrate, the 3 nutrients that give the body energy (calories). Vitamins and minerals are not included because they have no calories. |
| protein | A nutrient that builds muscles, organs, skin and hair. Meat, fish, eggs, beans, soy foods and dairy products are rich in it. It has 4 kcal per gram (Atwater factor). |
| fat | An efficient energy source that is also used to make hormones and cell membranes. Oils, butter, fatty meat and nuts are rich in it. At 9 kcal per gram (Atwater factor), it has the most calories of the 3 macronutrients. |
| carbohydrate (carbs) | The main energy source for the body and brain. Rice, bread, pasta, potatoes, fruit and sugar are rich in it. It includes sugars and starches, which are digested for energy, and fiber, which is hard to digest. It has 4 kcal per gram (Atwater factor). |
| added sugars | Sugars, syrups and honey added to foods when they are prepared or processed. Sugars found naturally in fruit and milk are not included. Eating too much is linked to obesity and tooth decay. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans advise less than 10% of calories, and US Nutrition Facts labels list them separately. |
| saturated fat | A type of fat found mostly in animal foods, such as fatty meat, butter and lard. Too much raises LDL cholesterol in the blood and is linked to a higher risk of heart and blood vessel disease. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans advise less than 10% of calories, which this calculator uses as the limit. |
| TDEE (total daily energy expenditure) | The total calories you burn in a day (kcal/day), your BMR plus the calories used for exercise and daily activities. It is estimated as "BMR × activity factor". It is also called maintenance calories. See the related "TDEE Calculator" page for details. |
| BMR (basal metabolic rate) | The energy you use just to stay alive, for things like keeping your body temperature, breathing and a beating heart (kcal/day). On this page it is estimated with a formula (Mifflin-St Jeor or Katch-McArdle). |
| activity factor | A multiplier for how many extra calories you use for exercise and daily activities. Multiply your BMR by it to estimate TDEE. This page uses 1 (no activity) and six levels from 1.2 to 1.9. |
| lean body mass | The weight of your muscles, bones, organs and so on, which is your body weight minus your body fat. It is found as weight × (1 − body fat percentage). The Katch-McArdle formula estimates BMR from this value. |
| AMDR (Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range) | In the US Dietary Reference Intakes, the range of calories that can come from each macronutrient while lowering the risk of chronic disease and still getting enough of other nutrients. For adults, it is protein 10–35%, fat 20–35% and carbohydrate 45–65%. |
| Atwater factors | The energy per gram of each nutrient - protein 4, fat 9 and carbohydrate 4 kcal/g. They are also used for the calories on US Nutrition Facts labels. This calculator uses them to turn calories into grams. |
| Dietary Guidelines for Americans | The official US advice on healthy eating, updated every 5 years by the US Departments of Agriculture and of Health and Human Services. The 2020–2025 edition advises keeping both added sugars and saturated fat below 10% of calories, and uses the AMDR ranges from the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI). The limits in this calculator are based on it. |
Good to know before you start
Here is what helps you use the calculation on this page with real understanding, not just by pressing the button.
| Percents (Grade 6) |
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| Multiplying and dividing decimals (Grades 5–6) |
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| Pie charts and percents (Grades 6–7) |
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| Positive and negative numbers (Grade 7) |
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| Rounding (Grades 4–5) |
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How to calculate it in Excel
| Sex (male or female) | male |
| Weight (lb) | 160 |
| Height (in) | 70 |
| Age (years) | 25 |
| Activity factor | 1.465 |
| Goal adjustment (kcal/day; 0 to maintain, negative to lose) | -250 |
| BMR (kcal/day) | =4.5359237*B2+15.875*B3-5*B4+IF(B1="male",5,-161) |
| TDEE, maintenance calories (kcal/day) | =ROUND(B7*B5,0) |
| Daily calorie target (kcal/day) | =B8+B6 |
| Daily calorie target (kcal/day) | 2265 |
| Protein ratio | 0.15 |
| Fat ratio | 0.25 |
| Carbs ratio | 0.6 |
| Protein (g/day) | =ROUND(B1*B2/4,0) |
| Fat (g/day) | =ROUND(B1*B3/9,0) |
| Carbs (g/day) | =ROUND(B1*B4/4,0) |
| Daily calorie target (kcal/day) | 2265 |
| Added sugars limit (g/day, 10% of calories) | =ROUND(B1*0.1/4,0) |
| Saturated fat limit (g/day, 10% of calories) | =ROUND(B1*0.1/9,0) |
The BMR row in the first table uses the Mifflin-St Jeor formula in pounds and inches. Its IF function adds 5 if B1 is "male" and subtracts 161 otherwise (female). With the example numbers, you get a BMR of about 1717, a TDEE of 2515 and a calorie target of 2265.
The second table uses the balanced plan (0.15, 0.25, 0.6, a split inside the AMDR ranges) and gives protein 85, fat 63 and carbs 340. For low fat, change B2 to B4 to 0.275, 0.2 and 0.525; for low carb, 0.3, 0.3 and 0.4; for high protein, 0.35, 0.225 and 0.425.
The third table gives added sugars 57 and saturated fat 25. Just replace the numbers in column B with your own.
How to calculate it in Google Sheets
| Sex (male or female) | male |
| Weight (lb) | 160 |
| Height (in) | 70 |
| Age (years) | 25 |
| Activity factor | 1.465 |
| Goal adjustment (kcal/day; 0 to maintain, negative to lose) | -250 |
| BMR (kcal/day) | =4.5359237*B2+15.875*B3-5*B4+IF(B1="male",5,-161) |
| TDEE, maintenance calories (kcal/day) | =ROUND(B7*B5,0) |
| Daily calorie target (kcal/day) | =B8+B6 |
| Daily calorie target (kcal/day) | 2265 |
| Protein ratio | 0.15 |
| Fat ratio | 0.25 |
| Carbs ratio | 0.6 |
| Protein (g/day) | =ROUND(B1*B2/4,0) |
| Fat (g/day) | =ROUND(B1*B3/9,0) |
| Carbs (g/day) | =ROUND(B1*B4/4,0) |
| Daily calorie target (kcal/day) | 2265 |
| Added sugars limit (g/day, 10% of calories) | =ROUND(B1*0.1/4,0) |
| Saturated fat limit (g/day, 10% of calories) | =ROUND(B1*0.1/9,0) |
How to calculate it in Python
sex = "male" # "male" or "female"
age = 25 # age (years)
height_in = 70 # height (inches). 5 ft 10 in = 70 in
weight_lb = 160 # weight (lb)
activity_factor = 1.465 # activity factor (1.2 to 1.9. See the "TDEE Calculator" page for how to choose)
goal_adjust = -250 # goal adjustment (kcal/day. 0 to maintain, negative to lose, positive to gain)
protein_ratio = 0.15 # protein ratio (balanced plan, inside the US AMDR ranges)
fat_ratio = 0.25 # fat ratio
carb_ratio = 0.60 # carbs ratio
# BMR (Mifflin-St Jeor formula in pounds and inches) -> TDEE -> daily calorie target
bmr = 4.5359237 * weight_lb + 15.875 * height_in - 5 * age
bmr = bmr + 5 if sex == "male" else bmr - 161
tdee = round(bmr * activity_factor)
calories = tdee + goal_adjust
# Grams of each macronutrient (Atwater factors: protein 4, carbs 4, fat 9 kcal/g)
protein_g = round(calories * protein_ratio / 4)
fat_g = round(calories * fat_ratio / 9)
carb_g = round(calories * carb_ratio / 4)
# Limits (Dietary Guidelines for Americans: added sugars and saturated fat both below 10% of calories)
sugar_max_g = round(calories * 0.10 / 4)
sat_fat_max_g = round(calories * 0.10 / 9)
print(f"Daily calorie target: {calories} kcal/day")
print(f"Protein: {protein_g} g/day / Fat: {fat_g} g/day / Carbs: {carb_g} g/day")
print(f"Added sugars limit: {sugar_max_g} g/day / Saturated fat limit: {sat_fat_max_g} g/day")
How to write it in LaTeX and other math languages (copy and paste)
E = B × k + a
E = B \times k + a
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
<mrow>
<mi>E</mi><mo>=</mo>
<mi>B</mi><mo>×</mo><mi>k</mi>
<mo>+</mo><mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</math>
E = B xx k + a
b*k + a
E := B*k + a;
E = B*k + a;
E = B × k + a
G = E × r ÷ c
G = \dfrac{E \times r}{c}
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
<mrow>
<mi>G</mi><mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow><mi>E</mi><mo>×</mo><mi>r</mi></mrow>
<mi>c</mi>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</math>
G = (E xx r) / c
e*r/c
G := E*r/c;
G = E*r/c;
G = E × r / c
S = E × u ÷ c
S = \dfrac{E \times u}{c}
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block">
<mrow>
<mi>S</mi><mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow><mi>E</mi><mo>×</mo><mi>u</mi></mrow>
<mi>c</mi>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</math>
S = (E xx u) / c
u*e/c
S := u*E/c;
S = u*E/c;
S = E × u / c
How to have ChatGPT do the calculation
You are an assistant for macronutrient (macro) calculations. Do the following calculation by actually running Python code, and base your answer only on the numbers from the execution result (do not answer by mental math or guessing). A 25-year-old man is 5 ft 10 in tall, weighs 160 lb and does moderate exercise (activity factor 1.465). He wants to lose weight slowly (−250 kcal a day). 1. Find his BMR with the Mifflin-St Jeor formula (men: BMR = 10 × weight in kg + 6.25 × height in cm − 5 × age + 5; 1 lb = 0.45359237 kg, 1 in = 2.54 cm), multiply by the activity factor 1.465 and round to a whole number (TDEE), then add −250 kcal to get his daily calorie target. 2. Split the calorie target with the balanced plan (protein 15%, fat 25%, carbs 60%, a split inside the US AMDR ranges), divide by the Atwater factors (protein 4, carbs 4, fat 9 kcal/g), and round the grams of each nutrient to whole numbers. 3. Also find the limit for added sugars (10% of calories ÷ 4 kcal/g) and for saturated fat (10% of calories ÷ 9 kcal/g), both from the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Show the formulas you used and the numbers from the execution result in a table. Also add a note that these are estimates for healthy adults, not medical advice.
How to Use
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1Enter your numbersType the numbers you want to calculate with into the input fields
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2CalculatePress the "Calculate" button
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3Check the resultThe result appears on the spot. The same page also explains the idea behind the calculation and the formula
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